I found this article which is about sports training.
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Although vibration training has been around for 40 years, the potential
benefits for sportsmen and women have only recently begun to be
properly researched. John Shepherd takes a look at the latest thinking
on this training methodology and in particular, examines the role that
vibration training may play in enhancing speed, power and flexibility
in sport performance
The concept of vibration training was originally developed by Russian
scientists as part of their space programme and in particular, the
desire to keep their cosmonauts in space in the best physical condition
as possible for the longest period of time. The USSR (as it was then)
actually held numerous endurance records in this respect.
Vibration training requires the use of specially designed machines that
vibrate at specific frequencies (normally between 30 and 50Hz). The
most popular type of vibration machines are ‘platform-based’, which
allow the user to perform a variety of exercises while standing, or
placing their hands on the vibrating plate to perform upper body
exercises, such as triceps dips. Other items of vibration equipment
include dumbbells and breathing devices.
Physiology of vibration training
Although there remains uncertainty about the precise magnitude of the
benefits of vibration training, there’s no doubt that it does produce
profound physiological effects in the body:
l Vibration training can recruit nearly 100% of a muscle’s fibres. This
contrasts with the 40%-60% recruitment normally associated with other
resistance training activities. Vibration training achieves these high
recruitment levels by creating an almost continuous stretch/reflex in
muscles. This is known as a tonic stretch/reflex and means that while
undergoing vibration training, muscles are contracting at incredibly
high frequencies, which also subjects them to considerable forces.
These vibrational forces are believed to be highly advantageous for the
enhancement of fast-twitch muscle fibre (more later);
l Vibration training stimulates muscular blood flow, which can speed up
recovery from workouts and rehabilitation from injury. Increased blood
flow will bring restorative nutrients to muscles cells and clear out
damaged tissue faster;
l The tonic stretch/reflex produced by vibration training can interact
with the muscle’s own contraction frequencies. Fast-twitch muscle for
example, contracts (twitches) at a rate of 30-70 times a second when
stimulated by, for example, heavy load weight training and speed
training. By duplicating these frequencies with vibration training,
these fibres can be worked even harder – ie greater fibre recruitment –
without the need for a huge ‘mental’ input from the athlete.
Recent research into vibration training
An increasing body of research exists on the merits of vibration
training for both athletes and the recreational fitness trainer. The
former has looked at the effects of this training method on increasing
power, strength and flexibility, while the latter has examined whether
vibration training can be as effective as resistance and even CV
training methods for improving body composition.
A team of Italian researchers considered the effects of whole-body
vibration training on various measures in female competitive
athletes(1). Whole-body vibration requires the athlete to stand on the
vibration machine plate for designated time spans and/or perform reps
of designated exercises, with or without added resistance.
The athletes were split between a vibration group (13 athletes) who
trained three times a week for eight weeks and a control group (11
athletes). At the end of this period they were tested on:
countermovement jump, leg extension strength, horizontal leg press, and
flexibility (sit and reach test). The researchers discovered that the
vibration group displayed a significant improvement in leg extension
strength, countermovement jump performance and flexibility. There were
no significant changes in the tested abilities of the controls. The
team qualified their findings by indicating that the optimal frequency,
amplitude (movement of the vibration platform), and G-forces need to be
identified when using vibration training in order to maximise its
effects.
Researchers from the Universities of Aberdeen and North Dakota
discovered that a 30Hz protocol with 10mm amplitude and 60 seconds
on/60 seconds off of vibration training exercise elicited the most
significant muscle fibre recruitment in the vastus lateralis (thigh
muscle) as measured by EMG(2). Higher frequencies did not elicit a
significantly superior response. The athletes – in this case elite
female volleyball players – stood on the platform in a squat position,
with their knees at a 100-degree angle.
A team from Belgium considered whole-body vibration on knee extension
strength and speed of movement and countermovement jump performance in
older women aged 58-74 over a 24-week period(3). Interestingly, this
particular study included a resistance training group as well as a
control group.
Both the vibration group and the resistance group trained three times a
week. The former performed unloaded static and dynamic knee extension
exercises on a vibration platform, while the latter trained their
quadriceps (knee extensors) by performing dynamic leg press and leg
extension exercises, increasing from low (20 repetitions maximum – RM))
to high (8RM) resistance. The control group did not participate in any
training.
Tests were performed before training commenced, at 12 weeks and at the
end of the study. Leg extension strength was measured isometrically and
dynamically, as was speed of movement of knee extension using an
external resistance equivalent to 1%, 20%, 40%, and 60% of isometric
maximum. Countermovement jump performance was determined using a
contact mat, which measured jump height and force generation.
The results showed that isometric and dynamic knee extensor strength
increased significantly in the vibration group and the resistance group
after 24 weeks of training. Crucially, the training effects were not
significantly different between the groups. Speed of movement of knee
extension significantly increased at low resistance (1% or 20% of
isometric maximum) in the vibration group only.
These findings led the researchers to conclude that vibration training
is, ‘…a suitable training method and is as efficient as conventional
resistance training when improving knee extension strength and speed of
movement and countermovement jump performance in older women.’
Crucially they also argued that it was the vibration and not the
performance of unloaded exercises on the vibration machine that
resulted in enhanced physical performance.
Vibration training combined with aerobic exercise
Another interesting piece of research by the same researchers compared
the effects of whole-body vibration training for fitness purposes on
untrained women(4). What makes this research particularly intriguing is
the fact that aerobic training was also included in the design.
Forty-eight untrained young women were divided into a whole-body
vibration group who performed unloaded static and dynamic exercises on
a vibration platform, a fitness group who followed a conventional
cardiovascular and resistance training programme, and a non-exercising
control group. Both exercising groups trained three times a week and
the researchers measured body composition (using underwater weighing
and skinfold measurements) as well as isometric and isokinetic knee
extensor strength.
Over the 24-week programme there were no significant changes in weight,
percentage body fat, nor in skinfold thickness in any of the exercise
groups. However, fat-free mass increased significantly in the
whole-body vibration group only. This indicates an increase in muscle
mass, probably because of the vibration training’s ability to recruit
more muscle fibres, in particular the fast-twitch type.
This group also benefited from a significant strength increase, as did
the fitness group and the researchers concluded that, ‘The gain in
strength [for the vibration training protocol] is comparable to the
strength increase following a standard fitness training programme
consisting of cardiovascular and resistance training.’
Vibration and speed
There’s no denying that evidence exists that vibration training can
increase strength (isometric and isokinetic) and improve lean muscle
mass, in both trained and untrained subjects. But what about more
specific sports performance measures? Can vibration training enhance
speed, for example?
Another team of researchers from Belgium set about discovering whether
whole-body vibration training could enhance sprint performance(5).
Twenty experienced sprinters (13 male, seven female, aged 17-30 years
old) were randomly assigned to a whole-body vibration group, or a
control group.
Over a five-week training period, the vibration group sprinters
performed whole-body vibration workouts three times a week in addition
to their normal training, while the control group trained as normal.
The vibration programme consisted of unloaded static and dynamic leg
exercises on a vibration platform using frequencies and amplitudes of
35-40Hz and 1.7-2.5mm respectively. The researchers tested pre and
post-isometric and isokinetic knee extensor and flexor strength and
vertical jump performance. Importantly, actual sprint performance was
also measured.
The results showed that isometric and dynamic knee extensor and knee
flexor strength were not significantly different between the vibration
training and control groups. Moreover, in terms of improved sprint
performance, the researchers found that getaway out of the blocks,
acceleration and top-speed running were all unaffected by either
training protocol. However, as other research indicates that vibration
training can bring about improvements in strength and power in both
athletes and the relatively untrained, it could be that five weeks of
intervention was not enough time for the vibration training to work. It
could also be that at the time of the study, the sprinters were not
ready to move into their ‘maximum speed’ training phase, which could
affect their ability to generate increased speed.
Summary
It seems from the research quoted that whole-body vibration training
can enhance (or at least match) performance in sport and fitness
activities achieved by ‘normal’ training methods. However, there are
contradictions as displayed by the ability of vibration training to
potentiate, for example countermovement jump performance, but not
sprint performance. Although more reseach in this area is required to
investigate the precise correlation between vibration training and
specific sports performance, athletes with access to vibration training
machines may find it worthwhile experimenting with this training method
in their routines in the meantime.
Muscle vibration may enhance the training effects of light-to-moderate resistance exercise, according to a new UK study.
Nine healthy men completed four sets of eight repetitions on a knee
extension machine under the following conditions, separated by at least
three days of recovery:
* Low contraction intensity (35% 1RM)
* High contraction intensity (70% 1RM)
* Low intensity with a superimposed low-frequency vibration-like stimulus from the machine;
* High intensity with the same vibration-like stimulus.
Previous research had shown that vibration can activate large amounts
of musculature during a movement. And the researchers set out to test
the theory that vibration applied during a single resistance-training
session would lead to larger increases in strength than those induced
by the same session without vibration.
Their main finding was that vibration during knee extension exercise
improved the performance of the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis
muscles, as demonstrated by increased dynamic muscle strength and power
immediately afterwards. Muscle dynamic strength was increased by
similar amounts after high-intensity exercise with and without
vibration. But after low-intensity exercise, dynamic strength increased
only with the addition of vibration.
‘It seems,’ observe the researchers, ‘that superimposing the
vibration-like stimulus during low-intensity exercise simulates the
response induced by higher-intensity exercise.’
This would be a great boon for people who are unable to take part in
intense exercise programmes, such as the elderly. But meanwhile further
studies are needed to find out more about precisely how vibration
exerts these effects on muscle.
Have you heard about the popular fitness vibration plates? This fitness
machine have become popular in the U.S. It’s more popular to
celebrities who are toning their body and even NASA tested this
machine. The machine works by using vibrating your body to tone your
muscles and make it easier for you to become fit and sexy. Advertisers
of this machine also say that the equipment helps you improve your
flexibility and strength and can also prevent osteoporosis.
The machine costs about $3,000 to $10,500 and weighs about 114 to 500
pounds and usually has handles to hang onto. The industry leaders such
as Power Plate and VibraSlim have lead the charge across america and
are teaching the vibration exercise way.
“You don’t really feel like you’re working that hard, but then you get
that sweat going and once the vibration stops, you can really feel it
in your legs or upper body,” - Michaela Zakheim, 45, a vibration plate
user.
The machine was developed to stop muscle loss from astronauts who could
not exercise in space, and recent work has proven it's use in rehab
centers and with MS patients (who have trouble with movement). As a
comment mentioned, whether someone who CAN move easily should use this
or not is up to you . . . VibraSlim sells a "home" version for $1699
and Power Plate has one for $4000.
Hope this helps
I have a friend with MS, and the use definitely helped him. No miracle
cure, no suddenly getting off his wheel chair & running down the
halls, but he was able to get up & stand unaided after about a
dozen sessions, which was a major major improvement (and one that's not
often seen with MS).
I also know of at least one top-25 basketball team that says it's
helped athletes maintain muscle tone while recovering from leg and
ankle injuries which don't allow for other exercise.
Vibration exercise is very good to build bone density and fight
osteoporosis. I was referred by my doctor to start using vibration
exercise fitness. To my surprise my joint pain has improved
drastically!The vibration machine does something to my joints and i am
not complaining.
I am loving vibration exercise! I started 4 months ago and I can't
believe the results I am getting, including weightloss and toning. I
want to get a machine for my parents because I think it will help them
out greatly.
It seems that vibration fitness is growing very rapidly. I recommmend my machine which is made by www.myvibraslim.com
Does anyone know anything about a work out machine called "Proellixe"
it is for total body vibration. Just wondering if it is worth buying it
for $12,000.
I am in the market for a vibration exercise machine. Does anyone have
any useful information on what machines I should be looking at ? Why
are some $15,000 and others $700 ? Why such a huge price gap ? Any
ideas / suggestions welcomed. Roger
I had a Proellixe machine and i had nothing but problems with it. I
ended up replacing it. My new machine is fantastic and quiet, unlike
the Proellixe! So obviously I do not recommend it at all.
Glena, do you have any suggestions, on good sites for Vibration
exercise websites ? I have found a few, but I looking for more before I
make my purchase.
I too am looking for an affordable vibration machine, that will only do
good for my young 47 year old body, which just happens to have
osteoporis. This looks like the best bet in building bone denesity, but
am VERY confused by all the options advertised on the web. Anyone using
the VibraSlim (other than someone who works for them) that could
endorse the product. Any other machines under $2000 that anyone would
recommend?
I have a VibraSlim machine myself and I highly recommend it. It has all
the features of the other machines but at a reasonable price. 20
vibration settings, three programs and it is not only quiet but it is
not too big.
I just got another one for my parents two weeks ago and they are very happy also.
Roger-- I have a few suggestions-- for you but you need to understand
that there are 3 different types of vibration out there-- what are you
looking to use the product for?
And how often--
A $700 unit will probably break on you-- and a $13000 unit is meant to be used 20 times a day in a gym or PT office.
( ie commercial durability)
Do you want to work on balance as well-- buy a pivotal platform-
Do you want the arm straps for Isometric curls and raises-- look at some of the lineal vibration platorms--
I have been on plenty and would be happy to help you.
This reply is for Glenda who asked a question way back.
Glenda I own a Vibration Training Studio in Auckland, New Zealand.
I have about 10 consistant clients who are between 70-85 years old.
I have only seen very positive results with these elderly clients. Not
just Bone density improvements (only a few have told me about
improvements here as they need to be tested by their doctor) but they
all have had huge results in pain reduction ("i slept the best i have
in 5 years"), strength and balance (no more tripping and breaking
bones)and great circulation improvements. The clients with Arthritis
have also made similar comments. But remember if you are elderly then
you do not what to train the same way as a 25 year old. Most of the
info on the net is generic to the vast population. So just remember to
start slow and dont push yourself too fast too soon
I just tried the Proellixe machine, and I have to say, I wasn't very
impressed. The design was not that and it seemed to have some
interesting features. What really took me by surprise was how loud it
was. I live in a condo apartment building and I don't want my neighbors
to be disturbed. You would think for the money that it would be much
quieter.
Roger,
Finding the right machine is a challenge.
Look for a machine with a BLDC(brushless) Motor-- They are whisper
quiet and far more durable than the DC motors almost every WBV
manufacturer uses.
Also-- if you place the machine on a carpeted floor it will dampen
the vibration through the floor. Or go to a gym supply store and get a
thick rubber mat to put the machine on. As for the noise the product
itself makes-- as I said go with a BLDC powered unit.
I have been on powerplate, Ironman, K1,(Sloflex-which is a huge waste of money) and all were very noisy.
The unit I have is pivotal and has 35 adjustable settings, a powerful
quiet BLDC motor, 10 minute continuous timer and is very easy to use. I
like the unit so much I started my own company selling them.
Jon,
I do not think that a different electric motor will make a difference.
The noise that Roger is complaining about, is most probably caused by
the vibration of the platform itself. When a machine vibrates a plate,
which in turn lifts a person up and down, an equal and opposing force
is transmitted to the floor. Depending on the type of construction of
the building, the floor will vibrate a little or a lot. There aren't
platforms out there yet that do not cause the floor to vibrate. If a
floor seems to vibrate less with platform A, and more with platform B,
it's only because platform A vibrates the body less than platform B.
Vibrations can be dampened depending on the construction of the unit. I
can say that engineering is everything. Some units have leveling
adjusters with rubber coated legs to reduce vibration transfered into
the floor. While others lay completely on the ground thus transferring
run-off vibration into the floor below them. For instance google the
company Dynamat-- they produce rubber dampening systems for car audio.
The concept is the same- lower frequency soundwaves cause sound
vibrations that make the car panels rattle. When the mats are installed
the vibration is absorbed by the rubber thus quieting the sound. Case
in point...
Also Do your research on brushless motors. Even with a person off the
machine the vibration noise created by a DC motor is far greater than
the BLDC(brushless-- means less friction required). Once again google
BLDC motors. I'll even make it easy for you..heres a link read the
section entitled "Comparison with brushed DC motors".
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brushless_DC_electric_motor
Roger,
My machine is not officially available to the US market until sometime next week.
The website will be up and running in a week or so.
If you want an email brochure sent to you call 888 230 8489. If you
dont get a rep.... leave an e-mail adress on the voicemail and you will
be sent an E brochure....
Thanks again for all of your input.
After doing alot of research, I decided to go ahead with purchasing a
Vibraslim - ProEnergy it was HALF the price of the other models, and
the sales people were very informative and they actually answer their
phones. I ordered mine last week, so I should be receiving my new
machine shortly. Thanks again. Will check back and post more upon
receipt.